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# calculates the signature for the request as described in the docs:
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# https://dev.twitter.com/docs/auth/creating-signature
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#' Generates OAuth1 signature needed to authorize API request
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#'
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#' @param method f.x. "HMAC-SHA1"
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#' @param url f.x. "https://api.twitter.com/1.1/friends/ids.json"
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#' @param api f.x. c(cursor=-1, screen_name="hrw", count=10)
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#' @param params named vector needed for generating oauth1 signature
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#' @return signature string
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oauth1_signature <- function(method, url, api, params, test=FALSE) {
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library(RCurl);
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library(digest);
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library(base64enc);
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# http://oauth.net/core/1.0/#encoding_parameters
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if(curlEscape(".") == ".") {
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# that's how we want it!
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} else if(curlEscape(".") == "%2E") {
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curlEscape <- function(str) {
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esc <- RCurl::curlEscape(str)
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esc <- gsub("%2E",".",esc)
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esc <- gsub("%2D","-",esc)
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esc <- gsub("%5F","_",esc)
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esc <- gsub("%7E","~",esc)
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}
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} else {
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stop("curlEscape('.') is supposed to be either '.' or '%2E'")
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}
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secrets <- params[c("consumer_secret","oauth_token_secret")];
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# exclude *_secret
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params <- params[! names(params) %in% c("consumer_secret","oauth_token_secret")]
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params <- c(api, params);
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params_sorted <- params[sort(names(params))];
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params_escaped <- sapply(params_sorted, curlEscape);
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pstr <- paste(paste(names(params_escaped),"=",params_escaped,sep=""),collapse="&");
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# it is important to use curlEscape instead of URLencode because the latter encodes
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# using lower case letters but we need upper case letters. Otherwise the resulting
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# signature will be different from what Twitter/OAuth expects/calculates.
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final <- sprintf("%s&%s&%s",toupper(method), curlEscape(url), curlEscape(pstr));
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sig <- sprintf("%s&%s",curlEscape(secrets["consumer_secret"]),curlEscape(secrets["oauth_token_secret"]));
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hmac <- hmac(sig,final,algo="sha1",raw=TRUE)
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signature <- base64encode(hmac);
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signature_escaped <- curlEscape(signature);
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if(test) {
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return(
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list(
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params_escaped = params_escaped,
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pstr = pstr,
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final = final,
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sig = sig,
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hmac = hmac,
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signature = signature,
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signature_escaped = signature_escaped
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)
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)
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}
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return(signature_escaped);
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}
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#' GET requests Twitter API
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#'
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#' @param url f.x. "https://api.twitter.com/1.1/friends/ids.json"
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#' @param api f.x. c(cursor=-1, screen_name="hrw", count=10)
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#' @param params named vector needed for generating oauth1 signature
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#' @param print_result TRUE if you want to have resulting JSON printed out
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#' @param use_cygwin TRUE if you would like to resort to Cygwin/Curl workaround
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#' @param cygwin_bash f.x. "c:\\cygwin64\\bin\\bash.exe"
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#' @return JSON
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#' @export
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twitter_api_call <- function(
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url, api, params, print_result=FALSE,
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use_cygwin=FALSE, cygwin_bash="c:\\cygwin64\\bin\\bash.exe", print_cmd=FALSE,
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test=FALSE) {
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library(jsonlite);
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library(RCurl);
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if(is.na(params["oauth_timestamp"])) {
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params["oauth_timestamp"] <- as.character(as.integer(Sys.time()));
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}
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if(is.na(params["oauth_nonce"])) {
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params["oauth_nonce"] <- sprintf("%d%s",as.integer(Sys.time()),paste(floor(runif(6)*10^6),collapse=""));
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}
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if(test) {
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test_data <- oauth1_signature(method = "GET", url, api, params, test=TRUE);
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params["oauth_signature"] <- test_data[["signature_escaped"]]
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} else {
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params["oauth_signature"] <- oauth1_signature(method = "GET", url, api, params, test=FALSE);
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}
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httpheader <- c(
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"Authorization" = sprintf(paste(c(
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'OAuth oauth_consumer_key="%s", oauth_nonce="%s", oauth_signature="%s", ',
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'oauth_signature_method="%s", oauth_timestamp="%s", oauth_token="%s", oauth_version="1.0"'),
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collapse=""),
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params["oauth_consumer_key"], params["oauth_nonce"], params["oauth_signature"],
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params["oauth_signature_method"], params["oauth_timestamp"], params["oauth_token"], params["oauth_version"])
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);
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q <- paste(paste(names(api),api,sep="="), collapse="&");
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urlq <- paste(url,q,sep="?");
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if(!test) {
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if(!use_cygwin) {
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result <- getURL(urlq, httpheader=httpheader);
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} else {
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httpheader_escaped <- sprintf("Authorization: %s",gsub('"','\"',httpheader["Authorization"]))
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cmd <- sprintf("%s -c \"/usr/bin/curl --silent --get '%s' --data '%s' --header '%s'\"", cygwin_bash, url, q, httpheader_escaped)
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if(print_cmd) {
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cat(cmd)
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}
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result <- system(cmd, intern=TRUE)
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}
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} else {
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result <- "{}"
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}
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if(print_result) {
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cat(prettify(result));
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}
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if(test) {
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test_data[["httpheader"]] <- httpheader
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test_data[["q"]] <- q
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test_data[["urlq"]] <- urlq
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return(test_data)
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}
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return(result);
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}
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c9Ob2fWNSONMC0mA2JlNaeRke
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cZ3Il2hmbLgK0Lc57mj5kUvymjVdsmZKYwKOGHR3NhCpvWgEOI
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